MONUMENTS OF MILANO
Duomo
Situated at the geometric centre of Milan, the
Duomo measure 11500 m2, it’s 158 metres long, 93 metres large and it’s surmounted by several spires which the most elevated is 109 metres. Both outside and inside the building is exuberant in the decoration which is formed by about 3400 statues and 96 gargoyles. The
Duomo has wanted by Duke
Gian Galeazzo Visconti and built in about 5 centuries also the importance of the building made necessary the construction of the two
navigli. Building works stated at the beginning of 1386, where there vas
S.maria maggiore basilica. For the construction was used
Candaglia’s Marble unconnected with traditional buildings industry of Milan and were called various architects, glassmakers and sculptor from all Europe. In 1572
Santo Carlo reconsacred the
Duomo, but to see the major spire and the front it would have to wait till IX century, precisely between 1765 and 1769 for the fist and the 1813 for the second. Anyway was necessary to make huge restoration works, during XIX century and again in the following years, after the second world war, that was the most complicated, because of the damage caused by air bombing of 1943; still now the church is haung restoration works. Even if is has had a lot of architects, Italian and foreings, working there, the construction of the
Duomo maintained a relevant stilize consistency, developing itself with
Giovannino and
Egreassi and
Giacomo da Campione’s plan, connected with 1392 plan, they gave to the
Duomo that’s flowering gothic stile characterized by decorative exuberance, that was born in France – were it foung huse wmanifestation on reims and in paris – but that in Italian architect’s mind earned on its own identity. In the opsidal semidome, at 40 metres from the floor the 14th September 1576 was setted the
santo chiodo Renc, that for the tradition was from Christ’ cross, arrived in Milan since
S. Ambrogio period.
Scala
The
Scala Theatre that is the seat of the operatic season and Milan ballet since its inauguration in 1778. The building was wanted by
Maria Teresa d’Austria and was erected on the ancient ruins of he
teatro Ducale destroyed by a fire. The building was planned by
Giuseppe Permerini according to neoclassic style, and various times modified. The theatre can house till 3600 people and there’ve just finished several restoration works and an adeption to the recent stage hand innovation to the stage. In 1913 was opened the
tatro alla Scala Museum ehich was constituted by important antiques and documents donation and was comparcted by
Renato Simoni’s library. In 1955 was buil the
Piccolo Scala to play modern operas and to recover the big ancient melodramatic patrimony; anyway in 1983 in was closed. In 2001 began te last big restoration work that last 3 years, that was done to modernize the whole structure.
Castello sforzesco
Founded by Visscont formly in 1300 was called
Castello di porta Giovia, was situated a bit out of the city wall. After its portly distraction in 1447- 1450,
Francesco Sforza was the one who rebuilt it to make it as amplification works at every government change: before the
Moro till 1499, that later undere Spanish rule in 1500, till the French one in 1800. The nowadays shape at the caste is due to the most important restoration works o his history:
Luca Beltrami’s ones, between ‘800 and ‘900 who replanned the fortress with relevant changes. To be a renaissance construction its very compact. The front that looks at
Dante impertinently is of the XX century, is the one with the
Filarete’s tower. On the contrary are part of the original building the three parts of the
rocchetta. The ducal carnes has as Background the
portico dell’elefante, wich it’s oh the 1473. Inside the castle museums keep very relevant treasures, as historic and artistic speaking like ancient as
Leonardo’s
codice triviletions or
Michelangelo’s
pieta rondinini. During his history the castle risked several times to be, putted up for me auction to be pulled down, the administration who decided to demoesn ti were a lot: first of all Spanish government, then Napoleon, to change them mind in the end. And loast, in the latest years of 1800, municipal councill decided to being were the castle stands a wide residential area, to convence the mayor
Giulio Belinzaghi to lot the castle there was
Beltrami, who went again the option of the majoray of the people who, like the poetician
Cesare Correnti, who considered the fortress as a monument wich would have to be pulled down.
Ago e Filo
“Ago e Filo” is a sculputer in the preces cated by Clages Ondenberg and his wife Loosji van Brugen and inaugurated in zoo, the huge needle with the colourflue thread that comes out in another point of the square with a finaeknat, were made for the remaking of
Cadorna railstation and of the square in front of it. This sculpture is a tribute to the industriansness of rilen and above all to the fashion wored, that recognizes Milan as are of the mondial centre. The architechure of the new station, characterized by red columus, is by cize aulent.
Sant’Ambrogio
It has founded in 379 by saint
Ambrogio himsell, protector oh Milan, ad “basieica martyrum” (mar tyrsbaseca), because it housed saint
Gervasio and
protasio’s remains, the bisnop himsell was buried there, easter day of 397. During the conturies many remakes have been done on the original structure,mdifying inizial apparence of austere church with a have and two side aisles: after the building of a second ben tower in X century, a new prestery and a new apsial. In 1126 a big collapse forced to do huge interventions and adeptatians that kept on in the following centuries, till the “restauration” work during 1800 wich, tring to restabeisn the previous appeal, affected on the final image of the basilica very much. Reaching the artaum in front of the rege basilica, the histar can admire one of the most classicae histons of the urbaniconography: the panning shape of the front-side appears setted between the alrium arcades at the beak and the two bell thowers at the top. In spite of talking about the basilica as a classical example of thirteenth-century Romanesque, the building interventions made in 1800 are important, even though made respecting medieval proportions and the planimetry. Inside it keeps rege treasures: amag all the pulpit in the third span of the central have, the ciborium at the centre of the presbytery, the silver arcophagus containing the relics of martyrs and of the saint of Milan and finally
S. Vittore in ciel d’oro’s recellum. In the rectory courtyerd there’s also a little oratory of Saint
Sigismando, the Christian martyr that was buried with
S. desiderio. In a side of the square in front of the basilica there’s a Roman column surmounted by a Corinthian capital. Two clovervales are visible in the thunk. The traditions belleves that they were left by satan’s horns during a light with jesus Christ. So who will passez -tells the legend- near “devil’s colum” during new year’s night, will smell suephur.
Arco della pace
The sensation that it offers about itself is the one of solemnity, also thanks to impressive rush of the
sistega della Pace and rich decorations, which act as counterpoint against the elegance of the ceiling. The main arch is m 7.13 large, m 15.23 long from threshold to the top, m 10,78 to the impost; others arch are m 3m large, m 8 long at the topo and m 7 to the impost. Napoleon was the one who insisted at
Consiglio Comunale of Milan in building an arch that would have been a new entrance of the milna towards Paris with the
Sempione way, in order that the imperator could pass there every time he went to Milan. The construction began in 1807 following marquis
Luigi Cognola’s plan.
Bonaparte didn’t succeed in seeing on the building finished because it was inaugurated the 10 September 1838 by
Ferdinando I. The
Arco Della Pace was one of the best public building made during the nineteenth century. At his construction in 1807 was formed the
‘commissione di Ornato’, composed by a group of architects among the most famous of the moment, eho planned the urbanity and architectural interventions in the city and in its territory.
Luigi cagnola pleanned the monumental area of the Arch composed by two townhouses built an unusual typology ‘pessante’, that permitted the transit though the buildings. The
Arco della Pace wasn’t the first one built in the city. Before another one was built near
Porta Orientale, next to Public Gandens. It was called
Amelia, in honour of
Amelia of
Baviera, Italy viceray
Eugenio Beauharnais’s wife. In 1807 when Napoleon decided to celebrate his victories with on Arch,
Amelia’s one was taken as a model.
